759 NL - Dutch Water Defence Lines (1996/2021)

Brief Description

"The significant boundary modification of the property first inscribed in 1996 stretches from the IJsselmeer (previously known as Zuiderzee) at Muiden to the Biesbosch estuary at Werkendam. This modification adds the New Dutch Waterline to the existing Defence Line of Amsterdam World Heritage site, to become the Dutch Water Defence Lines World Heritage property and also includes a number of small extensions and reductions to the boundaries of the Defence Line of Amsterdam World Heritage property. In particular, the extension illustrates a single military defence system, which was based on inundation fields, hydraulic installations and on a series of fortifications and military posts stretching over an area of 85 km. It also includes three smaller components: Fort Werk IV, the Tiel Inundation Canal and Fort Pannerden near the German border. Built from 1814 to 1940, they complement the already inscribed site, which is the only example of a fortification based on the principle of controlling the waters. Since the 16th century, the people of the Netherlands have used their expert knowledge of hydraulic engineering for defence purposes. The centre of the country was protected by a network of 45 armed forts, acting in concert with temporary flooding from polders and an intricate system of canals and locks."

阿姆斯特丹的防御线
"这个1996年首次被列入名录的遗产区对其边界进行了重大调整，从穆登的艾瑟尔湖 (旧称“须德海”)一直延伸到韦尔肯丹的莎草河口。这一修改将荷兰水防线的较新部分与原有世界遗产“阿姆斯特丹的防御线”融合，成为“荷兰水防线”世界遗产。此次调整还包括对原遗产区的边界的一些小的扩展和缩减，其中扩展部分特别展现了一个由低地水网、水利设施以及一系列防御工事和军事哨所组成的绵延85公里长的军事防御系统。荷兰水防线还包括3个较小的组成部分：哥伦布绿堡、蒂尔洪水运河和靠近德国边境的潘纳登堡。它们建成于1814-1940年之间，是对已经列入名录的遗产区的补充。原遗产是唯一一个以水量控制原则为基础建成的防御工事。自16世纪起，荷兰人民就把他们的水利工程专业知识用于防御目的。国家的中心部分由45个武装堡垒组成的防线保护着，这些堡垒与圩田上的蓄洪以及错综复杂的水渠和水闸系统相互配合。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/759

2021 extension 759-001 Foritified town of Naarden

759-006 Fort along the Pampus

1613 GB - The Great Spa Towns of Europe (2021)

The Great Spa Towns of Europe

"The transnational site of The Great Spa Towns of Europe comprises 11 towns, located in seven European countries: Baden bei Wien (Austria); Spa (Belgium); Františkovy Lázně (Czechia); Karlovy Vary (Czechia); Mariánské Lázně (Czechia); Vichy (France); Bad Ems (Germany); Baden-Baden (Germany); Bad Kissingen (Germany); Montecatini Terme (Italy); and City of Bath (United Kingdom). All of these towns developed around natural mineral water springs. They bear witness to the international European spa culture that developed from the early 18th century to the 1930s, leading to the emergence of grand international resorts that impacted urban typology around ensembles of spa buildings such as the kurhaus and kursaal (buildings and rooms dedicated to therapy), pump rooms, drinking halls, colonnades and galleries designed to harness the natural mineral water resources and to allow their practical use for bathing and drinking. Related facilities include gardens, assembly rooms, casinos, theatres, hotels and villas, as well as spa-specific support infrastructure. These ensembles are all integrated into an overall urban context that includes a carefully managed recreational and therapeutic environment in a picturesque landscape. Together, these sites embody the significant interchange of human values and developments in medicine, science and balneology."

欧洲温泉疗养胜地

"该跨境遗产地包括7个欧洲国家的11个城镇：巴登（奥地利）、斯帕（比利时）、弗朗齐谢克（捷克）、卡罗维发利（捷克）、玛丽安斯凯（捷克）、维希（法国）、巴特埃姆斯（德国）、巴登-巴登（德国）、巴特基辛根（德国）、蒙泰卡蒂尼泰尔梅（意大利）、巴斯（英国）。这些城镇都以天然矿物质水源而发展起来，是从18世纪初到20世纪30年代蓬勃的欧洲温泉疗养热潮的见证，这一热潮催生了一批大型国际化温泉度假村。温泉疗养馆、温泉大厅（专门用于理疗的房屋）、泵房、饮水厅、柱廊和地道等将天然矿泉水资源用于沐浴和饮用的温泉建筑群影响了温泉城镇的空间布局。其它相关设施还包括花园、集会厅、赌场、剧院、旅馆和别墅，以及特定的温泉配套基础设施。这些设施都融入市镇整体格局，造就一个个在如画的景观中精心管理的休闲和治疗环境。这些城镇体现了人类价值观与医学、科学和浴疗学发展的重要交流。"

• 1613-001     Baden bei Wien     Austria              
• 1613-002     Spa     Belgium              
• 1613-003     Frantiskovy Lazne     Czechia              
• 1613-004     Karlovy Vary     Czechia              
• 1613-005     Marianske Lazne     Czechia              
• 1613-006     Vichy     France              
• 1613-007     Bad Ems     Germany              
• 1613-008     Baden-Baden     Germany              
• 1613-009     Bad Kissingen     Germany              
• 1613-010     Montecatini Terme     Italy              
• 1613-011     City of Bath     United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland  

011 - City of Bath

1623 IT - Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles (2021)

Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles

"The site is composed of eight religious and secular building complexes, within the historic walled city of Padua, which house a selection of fresco cycles painted between 1302 and 1397 by different artists for different types of patron and within buildings of diverse functions. Nevertheless, the frescos maintain a unity of style and content. They include Giotto’s Scrovegni Chapel fresco cycle, considered to have marked the beginning of a revolutionary development in the history of mural painting, as well as other fresco cycles of different artists, namely Guariento di Arpo, Giusto de’ Menabuoi, Altichiero da Zevio, Jacopo Avanzi and Jacopo da Verona. As a group, these fresco cycles illustrate how, over the course of a century, fresco art developed along a new creative impetus and understanding of spatial representation. "

绘画之都帕多瓦，乔托的斯克洛维尼礼拜堂及帕多瓦14世纪壁画群

"该遗产地由8个分布在帕多瓦老城区内的宗教和世俗建筑群构成，这里有多位艺术家在1302-1397年之间为不同类型的赞助人在不同功能的建筑内创作的大量壁画。然而，帕多瓦壁画群在风格和内容上保持了统一性，其中包括乔托（Giotto）在斯克洛维尼礼拜堂绘制的壁画（被认为是壁画史上革命性发展的开端），以及其他艺术家的作品，如阿珀的瓜里恩托、梅纳博伊的朱斯托、泽维奥的阿尔泰基耶罗、维罗纳的阿万齐和雅各布。这些壁画共同展现了14世纪壁画艺术是如何随着新的创作动力和对空间表现的理解而发展的。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1623

• 1623-001     Scrovegni Chapel Church of the Eremitani 
• 1623-002     Palazzo de la Ragione Chapel of the Cararesi Palace Cathedral Baptistery 
• 1623-003     Basilica and Monastery of St. Anthony Oratory of St. George 
• 1623-004     Oratory of St.Michael 
  

001 - Cappella degli Scrovegni

1561 CN - Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (2021)

Description
“The serial site of Quanzhou illustrates the city’s vibrancy as a maritime emporium during the Song and Yuan periods (10th - 14th centuries AD) and its interconnection with the Chinese hinterland. Quanzhou thrived during a highly significant period for maritime trade in Asia. The site encompasses religious buildings, including the 11th century AD Qingjing Mosque, one of the earliest Islamic edifices in China, Islamic tombs, and a wide range of archaeological remains: administrative buildings, stone docks that were important for commerce and defence, sites of ceramic and iron production, elements of the city’s transportation network, ancient bridges, pagodas, and inscriptions. Known as Zayton in Arabic and western texts of the 10th to 14th centuries AD. "

泉州：宋元中国的世界海洋商贸中心

"该遗址群体现了泉州在宋元时期（公元10-14世纪）作为世界海洋商贸中心的活力，及其与中国腹地的紧密联系。泉州在亚洲海运贸易的这个重要时期蓬勃发展。遗产地包括多座宗教建筑，如始建于公元11世纪的清净寺（中国最早的伊斯兰建筑之一）、伊斯兰教圣墓，以及大量考古遗迹，如行政建筑、具有重要商贸和防御意义的石码头、制瓷和冶铁生产遗址、城市交通网道的构成元素、古桥、宝塔和碑文。在公元10-14世纪的阿拉伯和西方文献中，泉州被称为刺桐。该遗产地还包括一座保留了部分原貌的元代寺庙，以及世界上仅存的摩尼石像。摩尼是摩尼教（又称琐罗亚斯德教）的创始人，该教约于公元6-7世纪传入中国。"

• 1561rev-001     The Old City 
• 1561rev-002     Site of Shunji Bridge
• 1561rev-003     Zhenwu Temple and Estuary Docks
• 1561rev-004     Shihu Doc
• 1561rev-005     Liusheng Pagoda
• 1561rev-006     Wanshou Pagoda
• 1561rev-007     Anping Bridge
• 1561rev-008     Statue of Mani in Cao'an Temple
• 1561rev-009     Luoyang Bridge
• 1561rev-010     Islamic Tombs
• 1561rev-011     Statue of Lao Tze
• 1561rev-012     Jiuri Mountain Wind-Praying Inscriptions
• 1561rev-013     Sites of Cizao Kilns (Jinjiaoyishan Kilns)
• 1561rev-014     Sites of Dehua Kilns (Weilin-Neiban Kilns)
• 1561rev-015     Sites of Dehua Kilns (Qudougong Kiln)
• 1561rev-016     Xiacaopu Iron Production Site of Qingyang Village in Anxi

1561rev-001     The Old City 开元寺东塔-镇国塔

1561rev-001     The Old City  开元寺东塔-镇国塔

1561rev-001     The Old City  大开元寺-大殿

1561rev-001     The Old City 

1561rev-001     The Old City 

1561rev-009     Luoyang Bridge 泉州洛阳桥

1571 IT - Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene (2019)

Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene

'Located in north-eastern Italy, the property includes part of the winegrowing landscape of the Prosecco wine production area. The landscape is characterized by ‘hogback’ hills, ciglioni – small plots of vines on narrow grassy terraces – forests, small villages and farmland. For centuries, this rugged terrain has been shaped and adapted by man. Since the 17th century, the use of ciglioni has created a particular chequerboard landscape consisting of rows of vines parallel and vertical to the slopes. In the 19th century, the bellussera technique of training the vines contributed to the aesthetic characteristics of the landscape.  "

科内利亚诺和瓦尔多比亚德内的普罗赛柯产地

"该遗产位于意大利东北部，并包含部分普罗赛柯酒产地的葡萄园。当地的典型景观包括猪背岭、山坡上狭小的多草葡萄园、森林、小型村庄和农田。这片崎岖的土地历经人类几百年的开垦和改造。自17世纪以来，与山坡走向平行或垂直的狭窄葡萄园形成了独特的棋盘型景观。19世纪采用的“贝罗塞拉”葡萄栽培技术进一步丰富了当地景观的美学特征。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1571

Courtesy of Saint from postcrossing