1645 IN - Dholavira: a Harappan City (2021)

 Dholavira: a Harappan City

The ancient city of Dholavira, the southern centre of the Harappan Civilization, is sited on the arid island of Khadir in the State of Gujarat. Occupied between ca. 3000-1500 BCE, the archaeological site, one of the best preserved urban settlements from the period in Southeast Asia, comprises a fortified city and a cemetery. Two seasonal streams provided water, a scarce resource in the region, to the walled city which comprises a heavily fortified castle and ceremonial ground as well as streets and houses of different proportion quality which testify to a stratified social order. A sophisticated water management system demonstrates the ingenuity of the Dholavira people in their struggle to survive and thrive in a harsh environment. The site includes a large cemetery with cenotaphs of six types testifying to the Harappan’s unique view of death. Bead processing workshops and artifacts of various kinds such as copper, shell, stone, jewellery of semi-precious stones, terracotta, gold, ivory and other materials have been found during archaeological excavations of the site, exhibiting the culture’s artistic and technological achievements. Evidence for inter-regional trade with other Harappan cities, as well as with cities in the Mesopotamia region and the Oman peninsula have also been discovered. 

多拉维拉：哈拉帕文明古城

多拉维拉古城是哈拉帕文明的南部中心，位于古吉拉特邦干旱的卡迪尔岛上。该考古遗址在大约公元前3000-1500年间为人类定居点，由一座设防的城市和一片墓地组成，是这一时期保存最完好的东南亚城镇定居点之一。两条季节性溪流为这座带有城墙保护的古城提供了该地区稀缺的水资源。古城包括戒备森严的城堡、仪式场地，以及不同级别的街道和房屋，呈现出等级分明的社会秩序。复杂的用水管理系统展示了多拉维拉人在恶劣环境中生存和发展的聪明才智。该遗址还包括一个大型墓地，6种类型的墓碑诠释了哈拉帕文明对死亡的独特见解。考古工作者发掘出珠子加工作坊及由铜、贝壳、石头、半宝石首饰、陶土、黄金、象牙等材料制成的各种文物，展示了该文明的艺术和技艺成就。他们还发现了此地与其他哈拉帕文明城市以及美索不达米亚地区、阿曼半岛的城市进行区域间贸易的证据。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1645

Courtesy of kraghavendrabhat from postcrossing forum

1570 IN - Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (2021)

 Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana

Rudreshwara, popularly known as Ramappa Temple, is located in the village of Palampet approximately 200km north-east of Hyderabad, in the State of Telangana. It is the main Shiva temple in a walled complex built during the Kakatiyan period (1123–1323 CE) under rulers Rudradeva and Recharla Rudra. Construction of the sandstone temple began in 1213 CE and is believed to have continued over some 40 years. The building features decorated beams and pillars of carved granite and dolerite with a distinctive and pyramidal Vimana (horizontally stepped tower) made of lightweight porous bricks, so-called ‘floating bricks’, which reduced the weight of the roof structures. The temple’s sculptures of high artistic quality illustrate regional dance customs and Kakatiyan culture. Located at the foothills of a forested area and amidst agricultural fields, close to the shores of the Ramappa Cheruvu, a Kakatiya-built water reservoir, the choice of setting for the edifice followed the ideology and practice sanctioned in dharmic texts that temples are to be constructed to form an integral part of a natural setting, including hills, forests, springs, streams, lakes, catchment areas, and agricultural lands.

特伦甘纳邦的卡卡提亚王朝卢德什瓦拉（拉玛帕）神庙

卢德什瓦拉，俗称拉玛帕神庙，位于特伦甘纳邦海得拉巴市东北约200公里处的帕拉姆佩特村。它是一个由围墙围绕的建筑群中的主要湿婆神庙，建于卡卡提亚王朝(公元1123-1323年)鲁德拉德瓦（Rudradeva）和鲁德拉（Recharla Rudra）统治时期。这座砂岩神庙始建于公元1213年，据信施工持续了约40年。其特点是由花岗岩和大理岩雕刻而成的梁柱，和一个独特的、金字塔形状的屋顶塔（水平阶梯塔）。塔由被称为“浮砖”的轻质多孔砖搭建而成，从而减轻了屋顶结构的重量。拉玛帕神庙的雕塑具有很高艺术水准，形象地展示了当地的舞蹈习俗及卡卡提亚文化。神庙位于林木茂盛的山丘和农田之中，靠近拉玛帕湖（卡卡提亚时期建造的水库）， 建筑环境的选择遵循达摩经文中的思想和实践，即神庙的建造应成为包括山丘、森林、泉水、溪流、湖泊、集水区和农田在内的自然环境的组成部分。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1570

Courtesy of kraghavendrabhat from postcrossing forum

815 MX - Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara (1997)

Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara

The Hospicio Cabañas was built at the beginning of the 19th century to provide care and shelter for the disadvantaged – orphans, old people, the handicapped and chronic invalids. This remarkable complex, which incorporates several unusual features designed specifically to meet the needs of its occupants, was unique for its time. It is also notable for the harmonious relationship between the open and built spaces, the simplicity of its design, and its size. In the early 20th century, the chapel was decorated with a superb series of murals, now considered some of the masterpieces of Mexican art. They are the work of José Clemente Orozco, one of the greatest Mexican muralists of the period.

瓜达拉哈拉的卡瓦尼亚斯救济所

19世纪初期，在瓜达拉哈拉修建起了卡瓦尼亚斯救济所，用来照顾和庇护那些生活有困难的人们，如孤儿、老人、残疾人以及慢性病患者。这个救济所在当时是绝无仅有的一个，它的设计包含了许多特殊的考虑，以满足那些生活困难人群的特殊要求。这个救济所还因为室内外空间的和谐、简约的设计和它的规模而举世闻名。在20世纪初期，这里的小教堂内装饰有许多精美的壁画，很多现在被认为是墨西哥艺术中的杰作，它们出自当时最著名的墨西哥壁画画家何塞·克莱门蒂·奥罗斯科之手。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/815

Courtesy of silentcity from postcrossing forum

1688 RU - Cultural Landscape of Kenozero Lake (2024)

Located in Kenozero National Park in the north-western area of the European region of the Russian Federation, the property depicts the local cultural landscape that evolved here from the 12th century, following the gradual Slavic colonization. It incorporates a number of traditional rural settlements with vernacular wooden architecture and reflects the communal management of agriculture and nature that developed when the indigenous Finno-Ugric forest culture merged with the traditional Slavic field culture. Wooden churches and other religious buildings, originally decorated with painted ceilings, or “heavens”, are the key social, cultural, and visual landmarks of the area. Their spatial organization, together with sacred sites and symbols, highlight the residents’ spiritual connection with this environment.

克诺泽罗湖区历史见证

该遗产地位于欧洲俄罗斯西北部的克诺泽罗（Kenozero）国家公园内，展现了12世纪以来当地逐渐被斯拉夫人殖民后形成的文化景观。这里有许多传统的乡村民居和乡土木质建筑，反映了芬兰—乌戈尔森林原住民文化和传统斯拉夫田野文化融合产生的农业与自然协同管理模式。木质教堂等宗教建筑是该地区重要的社会、文化、景观地标，最初安装有被称作“天堂”的彩绘天花板。这些建筑的空间构成结合其他宗教遗存和象征标志，共同突出了居民与环境的精神联结。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1688

Courtesy of ksimonova2013 from postcrossing forum

Chapel of St Nicholas, the wonderworker in Vershinino

1187 BY/EE/FI/LT/MD/NO/RU/UA - Struve Geodetic Arc (2005)

Brief Description

"The Struve Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through 10 countries and over 2,820 km. These are points of a survey, carried out between 1816 and 1855 by the astronomer Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve, which represented the first accurate measuring of a long segment of a meridian. This helped to establish the exact size and shape of the planet and marked an important step in the development of earth sciences and topographic mapping. It is an extraordinary example of scientific collaboration among scientists from different countries, and of collaboration between monarchs for a scientific cause. The original arc consisted of 258 main triangles with 265 main station points. The listed site includes 34 of the original station points, with different markings, i.e. a drilled hole in rock, iron cross, cairns, or built obelisks."

斯特鲁维地理探测弧线

"斯特鲁维地理探测弧线是一个三角测量链，北起挪威哈 默菲斯特(Hammerfest)，南至黑海，弧线穿越十个国家，长2820公里。弧线是天文学家弗里德理西·格奥尔格·威廉·斯特鲁维 (Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve)于1816至1855年期间进行测量的测量点，代表着人类首次对子午线长短的精确测量。这一测量帮助人类掌握了地球的确切大小和形状，是地 球科学和地形绘图学发展中的重要一步。这个弧线不仅是多国科学家通力合作的一个特例，也是多国君主为科学事业联袂协作的一个特例。原始弧线包含258个主 要三角形和265个测量站点。列入世界遗产名录的弧有34个原始测量站点，带有各种不同标记，如岩石钻孔、铁十字、堆石标或方尖石碑。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1187

1187-001 FUGLENAES Fuglenes，Hammerfest, Finnmark, Norway N70 40 12.00 E23 39 48.00
1187-002 LILLE-REIPAS Raipas，Alta, Finnmark, Norway N69 56 19.00 E23 21 37.00
1187-003 LOHDIZHJOKKI Luvdiidcohkka，Kautokeino, Finnmark, Norway N69 39 52.00 E23 36 8.00     
1187-004 BÄLJATZ-VAARA Baelljasvarri，Kautokeino, Finnmark, Norway N69 1 43.00 E23 18 19.00
1187-005 PAJTAS-VAARA Tynnyrilaki，Kiruna, Norrbottens län, Sweden N68 15 18.00 E22 58 59.00
1187-006 KERROJUPUKKA Jupukka，Pajala, Norrbottens län, Sweden N67 16 36.00 E23 14 35.00
1187-007 PULLINKI Pullinki，Övertorneå, Norrbottens län, Sweden N66 38 47.00 E23 46 55.00
1187-008 PERRA-VAARA Perävaara，Haparanda, Norrbottens län, Sweden N66 1 5.00 E23 55 21.00
1187-009 STUOR-OIVI Stuorrahanoaivi，Enontekiö, Lapin lääni, Finland N68 40 57.00 E22 44 45.00    
1187-010 AVASAKSA Aavasaksa，Ylitornio, Lapin lääni, Finland N66 23 52.00 E23 43 31.00
1187-011 TORNEA Alatornion kirkko，Tornio, Lapin lääni, Finland N65 49 48.00 E24 9 26.00
1187-012 PUOLAKKA Oravivuori，Korpilahti, Länsi-Suomen lääni, Finland N61 55 36.00 E25 32 1.00
1187-013 PORLOM II Tornikallio，Lapinjärvi, Etelä-Suomen lääni, Finland N60 42 17.00 E26 0 12.00
1187-014 SVARTVIRA Mustaviiri，Pyhtää, Etelä-Suomen lääni, Finland N60 16 35.00 E26 36 12.00
1187-015 MÄKI-PÄÄLYS Mäkipällys，Kingisepp, Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation N60 4 27.00 E26 58 11.00
1187-016 HOGLAND, Z Gogland, Tochka Z，Kingisepp, Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation N60 5 7.00 E26 57 40.00
1187-017 WOIBIFER Võivere，Avanduse, Lääne-Viru, Estonia N59 3 28.00 E26 20 16.00
1187-018 KATKO Simuna，Avanduse, Lääne-Viru, Estonia N59 2 54.00 E26 24 51.00
1187-019 DORPAT Tartu Observatory，Tartu, Tartu, Estonia N58 22 44.00 E26 43 12.00     
1187-020 SESTU-KALNS Ziestu，Sausneja, Region of Madona, Latvia N56 50 24.00 E25 38 12.00     
1187-021 JACOBSTADT Jekabpils，Town Jekabpils, Region Jekabpils, Latvia N56 30 5.00 E25 51 24.00     
1187-022 KARISCHKI Gireišiai，Panemunelis, Northern Lithuania, Lithuania N55 54 9.00 E25 26 12.00
1187-023 MESCHKANZI Meškonys，Nemencine, Eastern Lithuania, Lithuania N54 55 51.00 E25 19 0.00
1187-024 BERESNÄKI Paliepiukai，Nemežis, Eastern Lithuania, Lithuania N54 38 4.00 E25 25 45.00
1187-025 TUPISCHKI Tupishki，Oshmyany, Grodno Oblast, Belarus N54 17 30.00 E26 2 43.00
1187-026 LOPATI Lopaty，Zelva, Grodno Oblast, Belarus N53 33 38.00 E24 52 11.00
1187-027 OSSOWNITZA Ossovnitsa，Ivanovo, Brest Oblast, Belarus N52 17 22.00 E25 38 58.00     
1187-028 TCHEKUTSK Chekutsk，Ivanovo, Brest Oblast, Belarus N52 12 28.00 E25 33 23.00
1187-029 LESKOWITSCHI Leskovichi，Ivanovo, Brest Oblast, Belarus N52 9 39.00 E25 34 17.00
1187-030 RUDY Rudi，Rudi, Soroca Judetul, Republic of Moldova N48 19 8.00 E27 52 36.00     
1187-031 KATERINOWKA Katerinowka，Antonivka, Khmelnytskiy region, Ukraine N49 33 57.00 E26 45 22.00
1187-032 FELSCHTIN Felschtin，Hvardiiske, Khmelnytskiy region, Ukraine N49 19 48.00 E26 40 55.00
1187-033 BARANOWKA Baranowka，Baranivka, Khmelnytskiy region, Ukraine N49 8 55.00 E26 59 30.00
1187-034 STARO-NEKRASSOWKA Stara Nekrasivka, Nekrasivka, Odessa region, Ukraine N45 19 54.00 E28 55 41.00  

Courtesy of  Michaela0705 from postcrossing forum

 

1187-001 FUGLENAES Fuglenes，Hammerfest, Finnmark, Norway

card sent from Germany with stamp showing anther UNESCO sites of Jasmund National Park

1187-011 TORNEA Alatornion Kirkko, Tornio, Lapin lääni, Finland

Courtesy of maneij from postcrossing forum

1187-012 PUOLAKKA Oravivuori Korpilahti, Länsi-Suomen lääni, Finland

Courtesy of doncreatore from postcrossing forum

1187-016 HOGLAND, Z Gogland, Tochka Z,
Kingisepp,Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation

Courtesy of ossuusso from postcrossing forum

1187-019 DORPAT Tartu Observatory Tartu, Estonia

Courtesy of myliu_Lietuva from RR539

 

Location of point 22,23,24(Lithuania) and 25 (Belarus) on the map

Stamp issued by Lithuania

Courtesy of EkaSyr from postcrossing forum

1187-027 OSSOWNITZA Ossovnitsa，Ivanovo, Brest Oblast, Belarus

Courtesy of Boris from postcrossing forum

1187-030 RUDY Rudi, Rudi, Soroca Judetul, Republic of Moldova

Courtesy of gapusik from postcrossing forum

1187-034 STARO-NEKRASSOWKA Stara Nekrasivka

Nekrasivka, Odessa region, Ukraine