1528 ES - Prehistoric Sites of Talayotic Menorca (2023)

 Prehistoric Sites of Talayotic Menorca

Located on the island of Menorca in the western Mediterranean Sea, these archaeological sites are situated in agro-pastoral landscapes. A testimony to the occupation of the island by prehistoric communities, these sites display a diversity of prehistoric settlements and burial places. The materials, forms and locations of structures dating from the Bronze Age (1600 BCE) to the Late Iron Age (123 BCE) show the evolution of a “cyclopean” architecture built with very large blocks of stone. Astronomical orientations and visual interconnections between prehistoric structures indicate networks with possible cosmological meanings.

梅诺卡岛塔拉约提克史前遗址

该考古遗址位于西地中海的梅诺卡岛上，周围是农牧景观。遗址有着多样化的史前居住区和墓葬地，见证了史前社群在该岛的生活。从青铜时代（公元前1600年）到铁器时代晚期（公元前123年），该遗址的建筑材料、形式和位置都显示了以巨石堆砌为特征的“塞克卢比安”建筑的变迁。这些史前建筑的天文方位朝向和相互间的视觉关联表明，它们可能构成某种带有宇宙学意义的网络。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1528

• 1528rev-001 C1: Plains of Ciutadella Spain
• 1528rev-002 C2: Southwest Area
• 1528rev-003 C3: Western Migjorn area
• 1528rev-004 C4: Central-south area of ravines
• 1528rev-005 C5: Area between the ravines of Torrevella and Cala en Porter
• 1528rev-006 C6: South-east area-Alaior
• 1528rev-007 C7: South-east area-Maó
• 1528rev-008 C8: Prehistoric village of Trepucó
• 1528rev-009 C9: North-West area of Tramuntana

Courtesy of Jordi_65 from Postcrossing Forum

Stamp showing another UNESCO WHS site of Ibiza

1618 ES - Paseo del Prado and Buen Retiro, a landscape of Arts and Sciences (2021)

Located at the urban heart of Madrid, this cultural landscape evolved since the creation of the tree-lined Paseo del Prado avenue, a prototype of the Hispanic alameda, in the 16th century. The avenue features major fountains, notably the Fuente de Apolo and the Fuente de Neptuno, and the Fuente de Cibeles, an iconic symbol of the city, surrounded by prestigious buildings. The site embodies a new idea of urban space and development from the enlightened absolutist period of the 18th century. Buildings dedicated to the arts and sciences join others in the site that are devoted to industry, healthcare and research. Collectively, they illustrate the aspiration for a utopian society during the height of the Spanish Empire, linked to the enlightened idea of democratization of knowledge, and exercised major influence in Latin America. The 120-hectare Jardines del Buen Retiro (Garden of Pleasant Retreat), a remnant of the 17th-century Buen Retiro Palace, constitutes the largest part of the property. The site also houses the terraced Royal Botanical Garden and the largely residential neighbourhood of Barrio Jerónimos with its rich variety of 19th- and 20th-century buildings that include cultural and scientific venues.

普拉多大道和丽池公园，艺术与科学的景观之地

这个占地200公顷的文化景观位于马德里的城市中心，自西班牙式林荫大道的原型普拉多大道于16世纪落成以来不断发展。大道的特色是大型喷泉（尤其是大地女神喷泉和海神喷泉），以及被知名建筑环绕的城市地标大地女神广场。该遗产地体现了18世纪开明专制主义时期对城市空间和发展的新理念，艺术和科学领域的建筑与工业、医疗保健和研究用途的建筑相得益彰，共同阐释了西班牙帝国鼎盛时期人们对乌托邦社会的渴望。面积120公顷的丽池花园是建于17世纪的布恩·丽池宫的遗迹，是该遗产区最大的组成部分，展示了从19世纪至今的多种园林风格。遗产地还包含错落有致的皇家植物园和多为民居的耶罗尼姆斯街区，那里有丰富多样的19-20世纪建筑，其中也包括文化场所。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1618

Courtesy of livi16 from Postcrossing forum

The Casón del Buen Retiro
is an annex of the Museo del Prado complex in Madrid

669 ES - Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain (1993)

Brief Description

"Santiago de Compostela was proclaimed the first European Cultural itinerary by the Council of Europe in 1987. This route from the French-Spanish border was – and still is – taken by pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela. Some 1,800 buildings along the route, both religious and secular, are of great historic interest. The route played a fundamental role in encouraging cultural exchanges between the Iberian peninsula and the rest of Europe during the Middle Ages. It remains a testimony to the power of the Christian faith among people of all social classes and from all over Europe.

 

A network of four Christian pilgrimage routes in northern Spain, the site is an extension of the Route of Santiago de Compostela, a serial site inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1993. The extension represents a network of almost 1,500 km: coastal, interior of the Basque Country–La Rioja, Liébana and primitive routes. It includes a built heritage of historical importance created to meet the needs of pilgrims, including cathedrals, churches, hospitals, hostels and even bridges. The extension encompasses some of the earliest pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela, following the discovery in the 9^thcentury of a tomb believed to be that of St. James the Greater."

冈斯特拉的圣地亚哥之路
"1987年，欧洲议会宣布将冈斯特拉的圣地亚哥之路列为第一批欧洲文化之路。该遗址穿越法国和西班牙边境，从古至今一直是 朝圣者们通往冈斯特拉的圣地亚哥的必经之路。沿路共有约1800座建筑，无论是宗教建筑还是世俗建筑，都有重大的历史意义。这条路对于中世纪时期促进伊比 利亚半岛和欧洲其他地区的文化交流起到十分重要的作用，同时它也见证了基督教信仰在全欧洲社会各阶层人士心中的重要地位。

 

北部西班牙的四条基督教朝圣者之路，这是对1993年列入世界遗产名录的圣地亚哥康波斯特拉之路的扩展。扩展包括了位于巴斯克自治区拉里奥哈（La Rioja），利艾巴纳（Liébana ）境内近1，500公里的道路，还包括一些具有历史意义的遗址如教堂、医院、旅馆以及桥梁，都是为满足朝圣者需要而建的建筑。这次扩展纳入了九世纪时发现据信是圣雅各之墓后，通往圣地亚哥康波斯特拉最早的朝圣之路。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/669

 

1993  French Way

#	km from St-Jean	km to Santiago	Distance	Begins	Arrives
1	0	769	25	Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, France	Roncesvalles
2	25	744	21.5	Roncesvalles, Spain	Zubiri
3	46.5	722.5	22	Zubiri	Pamplona
4	68.5	700.5	23.5	Pamplona	Puente la Reina
5	92	677	22	Puente la Reina	Estella
6	114	655	22	Estella	Los Arcos
7	136	633	28	Los Arcos	Logroño
8	164	605	29	Logroño	Nájera
9	193	576	21	Nájera	Santo Domingo de la Calzada
10	214	555	23	Santo Domingo de la Calzada	Belorado
11	237	532	24	Belorado	San Juan de Ortega
12	261	508	28	San Juan de Ortega	Burgos
13	289	480	40	Burgos	Castrojeriz
14	329	440	23	Castrojeriz	Frómista
15	352	417	19	Frómista	Carrión de los Condes
16	371	398	39	Carrión de los Condes	Sahagún
17	410	359	19.5	Sahagún	El Burgo Ranero
18	429.5	339.5	38	El Burgo Ranero	León
19	467.5	301.5	24	León	Villadangos del Páramo
20	491.5	277.5	28	Villadangos del Páramo	Astorga
21	519.5	249.5	20	Astorga	Rabanal del Camino
22	539.5	229.5	32.5	Rabanal del Camino	Ponferrada
23	572	197	23	Ponferrada	Villafranca del Bierzo
24	595	174	30	Villafranca del Bierzo	O Cebreiro
25	625	144	36.5	O Cebreiro	Sarria
26	661.5	107.5	21	Sarria	Portomarín
27	682.5	86.5	24.5	Portomarín	Palas de Rei
28	707	62	25.5	Palas de Rei	Arzúa
29	732.5	36.5	36.5	Arzúa	Santiago de Compostela

 

2015 extension Northern Way
CHEMIN PRIMITIF
1 P‐1 CATHÉDRALE SAN SALVADOR ET CHAMBRE SAINTE, Principauté des Asturies, Oviedo 43° 21' 45" N 5° 50' 35" W    
2 P‐2 EGLISE ET MONASTÈRE DE SAN SALVADOR, Principauté des Asturies, Salas 43° 24' 32" N 6° 9' 24" W
3 P‐3 CATHÉDRALE DE LUGO, Galice, Lugo 43° 0' 33" N 7° 33' 29" W
4 P‐4 REMPARTS ROMAINS DE LUGO, Galice, Lugo 43° 0' 36" N 7° 33' 21" W
CHEMIN CÔTIER
5 C‐1 COLLÉGIALE DE ZIORTZA, Pays Basque, Ziortza‐Bolibar 43° 14' 52" N 2° 33' 43" W
6 C‐2 CATHÉDRALE DE SAINT JACQUES APÔTRE, Pays Basque, Bilbao 43° 15' 25" N 2° 55' 25" W
7 C‐3 ÉGLISE SANTA MARÍA DE LA ASUNCIÓN, Cantabrie, Castro Urdiales 43° 23' 4" N 3° 12' 56" W
8 C‐4 COLLÉGIALE DE SANTA JULIANA ET SON CLOÎTRE Cantabrie Santillana del Mar 43° 23' 31" N 4° 6' 21" W
9 C‐5 EGLISE SAN SALVADOR, Principauté des Asturies, Villaviciosa 43° 29' 6" N 5° 21' 31" W
10 C‐6 EGLISE SANTA MARÍA DE SOTO DE LUIÑA, Principauté des Asturies, Cudillero 43° 33' 42" N 6° 13' 49" W
11 C‐7 CATHÉDRALE DE MONDOÑEDO, Galice, Mondoñedo 43° 25' 41" N 7° 21' 45" W
12 C‐8 MONASTÈRE DE SOBRADO DOS MONXES, Galice, Sobrado dos Monxes 43° 2' 19" N 8° 1' 20" W
CHEMIN DE L'INTÉRIEUR AU PAYS BASQUE ET LA RIOJA
13 I‐1 CHAUSSÉE ET TUNNEL DE SAN ADRIÁN Pays Basque, Asparrena 42° 56' 7" N 2° 19' 0" W
14 I‐2 CATHÉDRALE DE VITORIA‐GASTEIZ, Pays Basque, Vitoria‐Gasteiz 42° 51' 2" N 2° 40' 20" W
15 I‐3 PONT DE BRIÑAS SUR LE FLEUVE EBRO, La Rioja, Haro 42° 35' 21" N 2° 50' 32" W
CHEMIN LIÉBANA (ROUTE LEBANIEGUE)
16 L‐1 MONASTÈRE DE SANTO TORIBIO DE LIÉBANA, Cantabrie, Camaleño 43° 9' 0" N 4° 39' 15" W

Courtesy of Nelinha postcrossing forum

Courtesy of Iside82 postcrossing forum

Pamplona - 185 Our Lady Cathedral 

 

Courtesy of BabyShukra postcrossing forum

Estella - 478 Church of San Pedro de la Rúa 

Courtesy of BabyShukra postcrossing forum

Puente La Reina - 499 Bridge over the Arga river 

 

 Courtesy of BabyShukra postcrossing forum

Muruzábal - 519 Church of Santa María de Eunate 

 

Courtesy of miceu from flickr

Santiago de Compostela - 852 Santiago de Compostela Cathedral

Burgos - 986 Santa María Cathedra

 

 Courtesy of estrellacards postcrossing forum

León - 1537 Santa María Cathedral León

stamp showing the Camino de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela Cathedral 

 

 Courtesy of estrellacards postcrossing forum

Ponferrada - 1806 Castle

 

Courtesy of Belenpp postcrossing forum

Lugo - P4 REMPARTS ROMAINS DE LUGO

 

1560 ES - Caliphate City of Medina Azahara (2018)

Description

"The Caliphate city of Medina Azahara is an archaeological site of a city built in the mid-10th century CE by the Umayyad dynasty as the seat of the Caliphate of Cordoba. After prospering for several years, it was laid to waste during the civil war that put an end to the Caliphate in 1009-1010. The remains of the city were forgotten for almost 1,000 years until their rediscovery in the early 20th century. This complete urban ensemble features infrastructure such as roads, bridges, water systems, buildings, decorative elements and everyday objects. It provides in-depth knowledge of the now vanished Western Islamic civilization of Al-Andalus, at the height of its splendour."

哈里发的阿尔扎哈拉古城

“该遗产地是一个城市考古遗址，由倭马亚王朝建于公元10世纪中叶，是科尔多瓦哈里发的所在地。经过数年繁荣后，1009-1010年的内战期间摧毁了哈里发国家，也导致了城市的废弃。其遗迹被遗忘了近千年，直到20世纪初被重新发现。这个完整的城市综合体拥有道路、桥梁、水务系统、各类建筑、装饰元素和日用基础设施等。此遗产地展示了现已消失的安达卢斯西方伊斯兰文明在其鼎盛时期的风貌。” 

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1560

Courtesy of ogait from Postcrossing

Courtesy of JordiMTREUS65 from Spain

1578 ES - Risco Caido and the Sacred Mountains of Gran Canaria Cultural Landscape (2019)

Description

"Located in a vast mountainous area in the centre of Gran Canaria, Risco Caído comprises cliffs, ravines and volcanic formations in a landscape of rich biodiversity. The landscape includes a large number of troglodyte settlements — habitats, granaries and cisterns — whose age is proof of the presence of a pre-Hispanic culture on the island, which has evolved in isolation, from the arrival of North African Berbers, around the beginning of our era, until the first Spanish settlers in the 15th century. The troglodyte complex also includes cult cavities and two sacred temples, or almogarenes — Risco Caído and Roque Bentayga — where seasonal ceremonies were held. These temples are thought to be linked to a possible cult of the stars and Mother Earth."

大加那利岛文化景观：里斯科卡伊多考古和圣山

"里斯科卡伊多位于大加那利岛中部的一片广阔山区内，地貌包括悬崖、峡谷和火山，当地生物多样性丰富。遗产地内有大量穴居人遗址，如住所、谷仓和蓄水池等。这些遗迹的年代证实了一个前西班牙时期岛屿文化的存在，其起源很可能与公元元年前后来到这里的北非柏柏尔人有关，该文化在与世隔绝的环境下发展演变，直至15世纪首批西班牙人到来。当地穴居人遗址还包括文化洞穴和被视为圣地的2处神庙——里斯科卡伊多和罗克本泰加。神庙是举办季节性仪式的场所，据信与星象和地母神信仰有关。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1578

Courtesy of Javier Becerra from Spain

1501 ES - Antequera Dolmens Site (2016)

Description
"Located at the heart of Andalusia in southern Spain, the site comprises three megalithic monuments: the Menga and Viera dolmens and the Tholos of El Romeral, and two natural monuments: La Peña de los Enamorados and El Torcal mountainous formations, which are landmarks within the property. Built during the Neolithic and Bronze Age out of large stone blocks, these monuments form chambers with lintelled roofs or false cupolas. These three tombs, buried beneath their original earth tumuli, are one of the most remarkable architectural works of European prehistory and one of the most important examples of European Megalithism."

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1501

the Menga dolmen
the Viera dolmen
the Tholos of El Romeral
La Peña de los Enamorados 
El Torcal mountainous

Courtesy of JordiMTREUS65 from postcrossing forum

El Torcal mountainous

874 ES - Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin on the Iberian Peninsula (1998)

Description

"The late prehistoric rock-art sites of the Mediterranean seaboard of the Iberian peninsula form an exceptionally large group. Here the way of life during a critical phase of human development is vividly and graphically depicted in paintings whose style and subject matter are unique."

伊比利亚半岛地中海盆地的石壁画艺术
"伊比利亚半岛地中海盆地的史前晚期石壁画艺术遗址形成了一个独特的大规模壁画群。人类发展中一个至关重要时期的生活方式被生动形象地描于石壁画之中。这些石壁画无论从风格还是从主题来评价，都是世界独一无二的。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/874

Courtesy of Hidalgo from postcrossing forum

874-255-257 La Sarga- Abric

 

874-277 Cova dels Cavalls

Courtesy of JordiMTREUS65 from postcrossing forum

874-605 Abrigo de los Toros del Prado del Navazo

1133 AT/BE/CZ/DE/ES/HR/IT/RO/UA - Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (2007)

Brief Description

"The Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathian, an outstanding example of undisturbed, complex temperate forests, constitute a transnational serial property of ten separate components along a 185 km axis from the Rakhiv Mountains and the Chornohirskyi Range in Ukraine, west along the Polonynian Ridge, to the Bukovské Vrchy and Vihorlat Mountains in Slovakia. They contain an invaluable genetic reservoir of beech and many species associated with, and dependent on, these forest habitats. They are also an outstanding example of the recolonization and development of terrestrial ecosystems and communities after the last Ice Age, a process which is still ongoing.

The Ancient Beech Forests of Germany, represent examples of on-going post-glacial biological and ecological evolution of terrestrial ecosystems and are indispensable to understanding the spread of the beech in the Northern Hemisphere across a variety of environments. The new inscription represents the addition of five forests totaling 4,391 hectares that are added to the 29,278 hectares of Slovakian and Ukranian beech forests inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2007. The tri-national property is now to be known as the Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany (Slovakia, Ukraine, Germany)."

喀尔巴阡山脉原始山毛榉林
" 喀尔巴阡山脉原始山毛榉林，由10个跨国的连续遗产组成，沿185公里的轴线，从乌克兰拉希夫山脉和 Chornohirskyi西沿Polonynian山脊，一直到斯洛伐克的Bukovské Vrchy和Vihorlat山脉。这10个遗址是原始的、多元的温带森林的突出例子，展示了最完整、最广泛的生态模式和纯粹的欧洲山毛榉群丛在各种环境 条件下的生长过程。它们包含着宝贵的山毛榉基因库和与这些森林栖息地相关并依赖其生存的许多生物。它们还是上一个冰河时代后陆地生态系统和群落再移植和发 展的突出例子。"

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1133

2007 Ukraine
1133-001     Chornohora
1133-003     Kuziy-Trybushany
1133-004     Maramarosh
1133-007     Stuzhytsia – Uzhok
1133-008     Svydovets
1133-009     Uholka – Shyrikyi Luh
2007 Slovakia
1133-002     Havešová Primeval Forest
1133-005     Rožok
1133-006     Stužnica – Bukovské Vrchy
1133-010     Vihorlat
2011 Germany
1133bis-011     Jasmund
1133bis-012     Serrahn
1133bis-013     Grumsin
1133bis-014     Hainich
1133bis-015     Kellerwald
2017 Albania
2017 Austria
2017 Belgium
1133ter-024 to 027 Sonian Forest
2017 Bulgaria
2017 Croatia

1133-033 Hajdučki i Rožanski kukovi

1133-034 Paklenica National Park

2017 Italy
2017 Romania
2017 Slovenia
2017 Spain

1133quinquies-057 Hayedos de Ayllon – Tejera Negra

1133quinquies-058 Hayedos de Ayllon – Montejo

1133quinquies-059 Hayedos de Navarra – Lizardoia

1133quinquies-060 Hayedos de Navarra – Aztaparreta

1133quinquies-061 Hayedos de Picos de Europa – Cuesta Fria

1133quinquies-062 Hayedos de Picos de Europa – Canal de Asotin

2021 Czechia

1133-075 Jizera Mountains
2021 Slovakia

2021 North Macedonia

2021 Poland

• 1133quinquies-085 Border Ridge and Gorna Solinka valley (Bieszczady)
• 1133quinquies-086 Polonina Wetlinska and Smerek (Bieszczady)
• 1133quinquies-087 Terebowiec stream valley (Bieszczady)
• 1133quinquies-088 Wolosatka stream valley (Bieszczady)

2021 Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 Switzerland

2021 France

Courtesy of Galina from Russia

 1133-001     Chornohora

 1133-004 Maramarosh

 1133-008 Svydovets (on the slope of Mount Stara)

1133-008 Svydovets (Mount Velyka Blyznytsia)

Courtesy of tsentaura from postcrossing forum

Courtesy of anjaaustel from postcrossing forum

1133-011 Jasmund - Germany

Courtesy of Eula from postcrossing forum

1133bis-013 Grumsin

Courtesy of Eula from postcrossing forum

1133bis-014 Hainich

 Courtesy of austria1234 from postcrossing forum

1133-018 Kalkalpen – Wilder Graben

 Courtesy of Javier Becerra from Spain

1133ter-024 to 027 Sonian Forest

Courtesy of Nikola2702 from postcrossing forum

1133-033 Hajdučki i Rožanski kukovi

Courtesy of Nikola2702 from postcrossing forum

1133-034 Paklenica National Park

Courtesy of  Jordi_65 from postcrossing forum

1133-057 Hayedos de Ayllon – Tejera Negra

Courtesy of Saint from postcrossing forum

Courtesy of manencov from postcrossing forum

Romania site

Courtesy of hs87 from postcrossing forum

1133-075 Jizera Mountains

Courtesy of sebiusz from postcrossing forum

Polonina Wetlinska