1113 CN - Fujian Tulou (2008)

Brief Description

"Fujian Tulou is a property of 46 buildings constructed between the 15th and 20th centuries over 120 km in south-west of Fujian province, inland from the Taiwan Strait. Set amongst rice, tea and tobacco fields the Tulou are earthen houses. Several storeys high, they are built along an inward-looking, circular or square floor plan as housing for up to 800 people each. They were built for defence purposes around a central open courtyard with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. Housing a whole clan, the houses functioned as village units and were known as “a little kingdom for the family” or “bustling small city.” They feature tall fortified mud walls capped by tiled roofs with wide over-hanging eaves. The most elaborate structures date back to the 17th and 18th centuries. The buildings were divided vertically between families with each disposing of two or three rooms on each floor. In contrast with their plain exterior, the inside of the tulou were built for comfort and were often highly decorated. They are inscribed as exceptional examples of a building tradition and function exemplifying a particular type of communal living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of human settlement."

福建土楼包括46个建于15至20世纪间的土楼组成。它们分布于台湾海峡西岸福建西南部120公里的范围内。土楼往往建于稻田茶园和烟草地之间，几层楼高，中空的圆形或是方形的设计，每个土楼可以住将近800人。出于防御的考虑，建筑面向中庭，只有一个出入口，朝外的窗户只开在一楼之上。一座土楼可以住下整个大家族，它们是村落的组成部分，往往被称为家族王国或是迷你城市。土楼有很高的土墙砖瓦铺盖的屋顶和屋檐。最华丽的土楼是建于17至18世纪之间。土楼垂直分割为一套套家庭单元，各单元每层有两到三个房间。相对于平淡的外表，土楼的内部很舒适装修很华丽。土楼是传统建筑家族生活自卫和自然环境完美结合的特殊代表。

Source UNESCO WH website http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1113

永定县

• 1113-001 Chuxi Tulou Cluster 初溪土楼群 （集庆楼）
• 1113-002 Hokgkeng Tulou Cluster 洪坑土楼群 （包括振成樓、福裕樓、奎聚樓、光裕樓、如升樓、景陽樓、慶成樓、福興樓、玉成樓、慶福樓等）
• 1113-003 Gaobei Tulou Cluster 高北土楼群 （承启楼、五云楼、世泽楼、侨福楼）
• 1113-004 Yanxiang Lou 衍香楼
• 1113-005 Zhenfu Lou 振福楼

南靖县

• 1113-006 Tianloukeng Tulou Cluster 田螺坑土楼群 一座方楼（步云楼）、三座圆楼（和昌楼、振昌楼、瑞云楼）和一座椭圆形楼（文昌楼）
• 1113-007 Hekeng Tulou Cluster 河坑土楼群 (由方形的朝水楼、阳照楼、永盛楼、绳庆楼、永荣楼、永贵楼，圆形的裕昌楼、春贵楼、东升楼、晓春楼、永庆楼、裕兴楼，以及五角形的南薰楼等13座组成)
• 1113-008 Huaiyuan Lou 怀远楼
• 1113-009 Hegui Lou 和贵楼
• 1113-010 Dadi Tulou Cluster 大地土楼群（二宜楼、南阳楼、东阳楼）

1113-001 Chuxi Tulou Cluster 初溪土楼群

 1113-001 Chuxi Tulou Cluster 初溪土楼群-集庆楼

1113-002 Hokgkeng Tulou Cluster 洪坑土楼群 - 振成楼

1113-002 Hokgkeng Tulou Cluster 洪坑土楼群 - 振成楼

1113-002 Hokgkeng Tulou Cluster 洪坑土楼群 - 振成楼 内院祖堂

1113-002 Hokgkeng Tulou Cluster 洪坑土楼群 - 福裕楼

1113-003 Gaobei Tulou Cluster 高北土楼群

1113-003 Gaobei Tulou Cluster 高北土楼群 - 承启楼

1113-005 Zhenfu Lou 振福楼

 1113-006 Tianloukeng Tulou Cluster 田螺坑土楼群

1113-008 Huaiyuan Lou 怀远楼 Exterior

1113-008 Huaiyuan Lou 怀远楼 Interior

1113-009 Hegui Lou 和贵楼 （南靖县梅林镇璞山村）